Function : Treats acute liver failure or chronic liver failure
Common Names : NA
Pain Intensity : Painful
Procedure Duration : 4-8 hours
Hospital Days : 20 - 21 Days
Anesthesia Type : General
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Get Cost of Oncology
Over View
Oncology is the branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and research of cancer. Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. Oncologists are medical professionals who specialize in the field of oncology and are responsible for the care of cancer patients.
Common types of cancer include breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma, among many others. Each type of cancer may require specialized approaches to diagnosis and treatment.
Oncology is a critical field in healthcare due to the widespread impact of cancer on individuals and communities. The work of oncologists is essential in diagnosing, treating, and supporting patients throughout their cancer journey. Advances in oncology have led to improved survival rates and a better understanding of cancer biology, contributing to ongoing efforts to combat this challenging disease.
Treatment & Procedures
Surgery: Surgical procedures involve the removal of cancerous tumors or tissues from the body. Surgery is often the primary treatment for localized cancers and can be curative when the tumor is completely removed. It may also be used for diagnostic purposes, such as biopsies, to determine the type and extent of cancer.
Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays or other forms of radiation to target and destroy cancer cells. It can be used as a primary treatment or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy is often used to treat localized tumors or as palliative care to relieve symptoms in advanced cases.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill or inhibit the growth of cancer cells. These drugs may be administered orally or intravenously and can target cancer cells throughout the body. Chemotherapy is often used for systemic cancers or to shrink tumors before surgery.
Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy aims to harness the body's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. This treatment can be used for various cancer types and has shown promising results in recent years. Examples include immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapy.
Targeted Therapy: Targeted therapy drugs are designed to target specific molecules or pathways involved in cancer growth. They are often used in cancers with identifiable genetic mutations or specific biomarkers. Targeted therapy can be more precise and cause fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy.
Hormone Therapy: Hormone therapy is used to treat hormone-sensitive cancers, such as breast and prostate cancer. It works by blocking or reducing the production of hormones that fuel cancer growth. Examples include tamoxifen for breast cancer and androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.
Stem Cell Transplantation: Stem cell transplantation, also known as a bone marrow transplant, is used in certain cases of blood cancers like leukemia and lymphoma. It involves replacing damaged or cancerous bone marrow with healthy stem cells to restore the body's ability to produce blood cells.
Palliative Care: Palliative care focuses on providing relief from the symptoms and side effects of cancer and its treatment. It aims to improve the patient's quality of life and can be integrated at any stage of cancer treatment.
Clinical Trials: Participation in clinical trials is an option for some cancer patients. These trials test new treatments and therapies, including experimental drugs, with the goal of advancing cancer care and potentially offering more effective treatments.
Minimally Invasive Procedures: Some cancers can be treated with minimally invasive procedures, such as laparoscopic surgery or interventional radiology techniques. These procedures often result in shorter recovery times and less scarring compared to traditional open surgery.
The symptoms of cancer can vary widely, but common signs include unexplained weight loss, lumps or changes in the skin, persistent pain, changes in bowel or bladder habits, and unusual bleeding or discharge.
Cancer is diagnosed through various methods, including physical examinations, imaging tests (like X-rays and CT scans), biopsies (removal of tissue samples for examination), and blood tests to detect tumor markers.
Cancer is typically staged from 0 to IV, with 0 being an early stage and IV being an advanced stage. Staging helps determine the extent of cancer and guides treatment decisions.
Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, hormone therapy, stem cell transplantation, and palliative care. The choice of treatment depends on the type and stage of cancer.
Some patients explore complementary therapies like acupuncture, meditation, or dietary supplements alongside conventional cancer treatment. It's essential to discuss these options with an oncologist and ensure they are safe and effective.
Cancer treatment plans are tailored to individual needs and may include a combination of therapies. Patients should expect regular medical appointments, potential side effects, and ongoing communication with their healthcare team.
